What is Organizing

What is Organizing

Organizing is a function of management that arranges people and resources to work towards a goal, according to the Encyclopedia of Small Business. Purposes of organizing include determining tasks to be performed, dividing tasks into smaller jobs, grouping jobs into various departments, specifying authoritarian relationships, delegating authority to accomplish tasks and allocating resources in a coordinated fashion.

Managers must first make decisions regarding division of labor, work specialization, chain of command, departmentalization, centralization and formalization. After these decisions are finalized, groups then mobilize to achieve a stated goal.

Organizing decisions can be influenced by strategy, size, environment and technology. Organizing as a function of management was first proposed by Frenchman Henri Fayol in 1916 in his article "General and Industrial Administration."

How to organize a group of people

Do you need to assemble or organize a group of people at work or school? Wondering what it takes to gather everyone together and run things smoothly? In this post I offer a few tips to make the process of organizing a group of people as seamless as possible.

1. Make detailed plans ahead of time.
2. Take numbers of people into account.
3. Give clear and simple instructions.
4. Make definitive decisions.

Importance of Organizing

1. Organizations are often troubled by how to organize, particularly when a new strategy is developed.
2. Changing market conditions or new technology requires change.
3. Organizations seek efficiencies through improvements in organizing.
4. Well defined jobs, organizational structure helps in putting right men on right job.
5. Effective administration, the organization structure is helpful in defining the jobs positions.
6. The roles to be performed by different managers are clarified. Specialization is achieved through division of work.
7. Scope for new changes, where the roles and activities to be performed are clear and every person gets independence in his working, this provides enough space to a manager to develop his talents and flourish his knowledge.
8. This all leads to efficient and effective administration.

Principles of Organizing

The organizing process can be done efficiently if the managers have certain guidelines so that they can take decisions and can act. To organize in an effective manner, the following principles of organization can be used by a manager.

1. Principle of Specialization, the whole work of a concern should be divided amongst the subordinates on the basis of qualifications, abilities and skills.

2. Principle of Functional Definition, all the functions in a concern should be completely and clearly defined to the managers and subordinates. This can be done by clearly defining the duties, responsibilities, authority and relationships of people towards each other.

3. Principles of Span of Control/Supervision, span of control is a span of supervision which depicts the number of employees that can be handled and controlled effectively by a single manager. According to this principle, a manager should be able to handle what number of employees under him should be decided. Principle of Scalar Chain

4. Principle of Scalar Chain, Scalar chain is a chain of command or authority which flows from top to bottom. With a chain of authority available, wastages of resources are minimized, communication is affected, overlapping of work is avoided and easy organization takes place.

5. Principle of Unity of Command, It implies one subordinate-one superior relationship. Every subordinate is answerable and accountable to one boss at one time. This helps in avoiding communication gaps and feedback and response is prompt.

Classification of Organizations

Formal Organization

This is one which refers to a structure of well defined jobs each bearing a measure of authority and responsibility. It is a conscious determination by which people accomplish goals by adhering to the norms laid down by the structure. Formal organization has a formal set up to achieve pre-determined goals.

Informal Organization

It refers to a network of personal and social relationships which spontaneously originates within the formal set up. Informal organizations develop relationships which are built on likes, dislikes, feelings and emotions. Therefore, the network of social groups based on friendships can be called as informal organizations. There is no conscious effort made to have informal organization. It emerges from the formal organization and it is not based on any rules and regulations as in case of formal organization.

reference:

http://www.studymode.com/essays/Importance-Of-Organizing-256106.html

https://www.managementstudyguide.com/organizations_classification.htm

https://www.theorderexpert.com/how-to-organize-a-group-of-people/

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Organizing_(management)